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CCGS Labrador
CCGS ''Labrador'' was a icebreaker. First commissioned on 8 July 1954 as Her Majesty's Canadian Ship (HMCS) ''Labrador'' (pennant number AW 50) in the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Captain O.C.S. "Long Robbie" Robertson, GM, RCN, In Command. She was transferred to the Department of Transport (DOT) on 22 November 1957, and re-designated Canadian Government Ship (CGS) ''Labrador''. She was among the DOT fleet assigned to the nascent Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) when that organization was formed in 1962, and further re-designated Canadian Coast Guard Ship (CCGS) ''Labrador''. Her career marked the beginning of the CCG's icebreaker operations which continue to this day. She extensively charted and documented the then-poorly-known Canadian Arctic, and as HMCS ''Labrador'' was the first ship to circumnavigate North America in a single voyage.
==Early history==
Throughout the first half of the twentieth century, the Canadian government made limited exploration within the vast Arctic coast it laid claim to, largely because it lacked the capacity to make forays into much of this remote terrain. ''Labrador'' was conceived as Canada's first modern, powerful icebreaking vessel, which could help meet national defence needs in the high Arctic but also explore the vast area and its rich resources.
''Labrador'' was built in the Marine Industries LTD yards in Sorel, Quebec She was laid down 18 Nov. 1949 and launched 14 Dec. 1951. The builder used modified plans from the just-completed ''Wind''-class icebreakers of the United States Coast Guard. The ship was modified to include then state-of-the-art scientific equipment changing her from a purely military patrol vessel to a self-sufficient explorer—an elaborately equipped floating laboratory, hospital, transport, rescue ship and school. ''Labrador'' also trained Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) cadets; with college instructors included in crew. At the time of her commissioning ''Labrador'' was the worlds most advanced icebreaker, with Denny Brown gyro stabilizers, and full bridge control of her diesel engines. She was the RCN's first fully diesel-electric vessel, with six 2000 HP engine/generators driving a 5,000 SHP motor on each shaft. ''Labrador'' was equipped with starboard and port heeling tanks with 40,000 gallons per minute transfer capability, which facilitated icebreaking operations.
On 10 July 1954 ''Labrador'' departed Sorel, Quebec, en route to her new homeport in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Whilst underway the vessel experienced engine troubles (lowered oil pressure), between Sorel and Quebec City, Quebec. Further difficulty was experienced in the Richelieu river, where she developed steering gear problems which were fixed. ''Labrador'' arrived in Halifax, Nova Scotia on 14 July 1954.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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